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1. Keystore: The Android market requires the developer to sign all apps that are published with a certificate, using a public or private key mechanism (the certificate is signed with the developers' private key). This provides a layer of security that prevents, among other things, remote attackers from pushing malicious updates to the application to market (all updates must be signed with the same key).
   
   
2. JSON properties file: This file stores the keystore properties such as:
   1. keystore: Path to a binary file that can hold a set of keys.
   2. StorePassword: Password to the keystore.
   3. alias: The ID specifying the private key used for signing.
   4. password: Password for the private key specified.
   5. keystoreType (optional): This property can be ignored.
      
      The following screenshot is an example of the properties required for the keystore:
      
      
      For more information on keystore and its properties, refer https://developer.android.com/studio/publish/app-signing.html.

Refer the following pages: